![]() In February 1969, they introduced the HP Model 5082-7000 Numeric Indicator. It was the result of research and development (R&D) on practical LED technology between 19, by a research team under Howard C. The first usable LED display was developed by Hewlett-Packard (HP) and introduced in 1968. As of 2013, all modern high-resolution and high-quality electronic visual display devices use TFT-based active-matrix displays. Nagayasu demonstrated a 14-inch full-color LCD display, which convinced the electronics industry that LCD would eventually replace CRTs as the standard television display technology. In 1988, a Sharp research team led by engineer T. The 2.1-inch Epson ET-10 Epson Elf was the first color LCD pocket TV, released in 1984. īy 1982, pocket LCD TVs based on LCD technology were developed in Japan. Brody and Fang-Chen Luo demonstrated the first flat active-matrix liquid-crystal display (AM LCD) using TFTs in 1974. Dixon at Westinghouse Research Laboratories demonstrated the first thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT LCD). Peter Brody's Thin-Film Devices department at Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1968. The first active-matrix addressed electroluminescent display (ELD) was made using TFTs by T. Tults demonstrated the concept in 1968 with a dynamic scattering LCD that used standard discrete MOSFETs. The idea of a TFT-based LCD was conceived by Bernard J. It was a type of MOSFET distinct from the standard bulk MOSFET. Weimer at RCA developed the thin-film transistor (TFT) in 1962. Atalla and Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs in 1959, and presented in 1960. The MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor, or MOS transistor) was invented by Mohamed M. The plasma display panel was invented in 1964 at the University of Illinois, according to The History of Plasma Display Panels. The Philco Predicta featured a relatively flat (for its day) cathode ray tube setup and would be the first commercially released "flat panel" upon its launch in 1958 the Predicta was a commercial failure. Attempts to commercialize the system for home television use ran into continued problems and the system was never released commercially. ![]() This saw some use in military systems as a heads up display and as an oscilloscope monitor, but conventional technologies overtook its development. The first production flat-panel display was the Aiken tube, developed in the early 1950s and produced in limited numbers in 1958. But GE did not continue with the R&D required and never built a working flat panel at that time. The publication of their findings gave all the basics of future flat-panel TVs and monitors. ![]() The first engineering proposal for a flat-panel TV was by General Electric in 1954 as a result of its work on radar monitors. On the other hand, static flat-panel displays rely on materials whose color states are bistable, such as displays that make use of e-ink technology, and as such retain content even when power is removed. liquid-crystal displays (LCD)), and can only show an image when it has power. The former requires that pixels be periodically electronically refreshed to retain their state (e.g. For example, modern smartphone displays often use OLED panels, with capacitive touch screens.įlat-panel displays can be divided into two display device categories: volatile and static. In many cases, flat-panel displays are combined with touch screen technology, which allows the user to interact with the display in a natural manner. Most LCD screens are back-lit with color filters used to display colors. Most 2010s-era flat-panel displays use LCD or light-emitting diode (LED) technologies, sometimes combined. As of 2016, flat-panel displays have almost completely replaced CRT displays. In the 2010s, portable consumer electronics such as laptops, mobile phones, and portable cameras have used flat-panel displays since they consume less power and are lightweight. While the highest resolution for consumer-grade CRT televisions was 1080i, many flat-panel displays in the 2020s are capable of 1080p and 4K resolution. They are usually less than 10 centimetres (3.9 in) thick. It is present in consumer, medical, transportation, and industrial equipment.įlat-panel displays are thin, lightweight, provide better linearity and are capable of higher resolution than typical consumer-grade TVs from earlier eras. Information on two types of flat-panel display at the Zürich Hauptbahnhof railway station: an orange LED display (top right) and a LCD screen (bottom)Ī flat-panel display ( FPD) is an electronic display used to display visual content such as text or images.
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